All people residing in endemic and non endemic areas for idd. Global iodine deficiency disorders prevention day national. Iodine is required for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine t4 and triiodothyronine t3 and essential for the normal growth and development and well being of all humans. A number of surveys in afghanistan show goitre prevalence rates more than 20 % amongst children and women. To target achieving usi in india, the national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp was launched in 1992, reflecting the. The highest prevalence of iodine deficiency is in europe 52%, where the household coverage with iodised salt is the lowest about 25%, and many of these countries have weak or nonexistent control programmes for iodine deficiency disorders. Goiter see figures 12, page 21 the term goiter means a thyroid gland that is bigger than normal. Iodine deficiency disorder definition of iodine deficiency. Total ban for selling non iodised salt for edible purposes is in force from. In 1992, the national goiter control programme ngcp was renamed as national iodine deficiency disorder control programme niddcp. Iodine deficiency can lead to a variety of health and developmental consequences known as iodine deficiency disorders. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme nhm. The highest prevalence of iodine deficiency is in europe 52%, where the household coverage with iodised salt is the lowest about 25%, and many of these countries have weak or nonexistent control. National iodine deficiency disorder control programme.
Unicef has reported that kiwanisraised funds are now at work in more than 89 nations and more than 80 million children in the developing world will be born free of iodine deficiency disorder this year. Deficiency of iodine can cause physical and mental retardation, cretinism, abortions, stillbirth. Iodine is one of the essential elements required for normal human growth and development. Ppt national iodine deficiency disorders control programme.
The national iodine deficiency disorder control programme is implemented in the state from 1991 and the state idd cell started functioning from 1. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme dr. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination. Control of iodine deficiency disorders idd mother, infant. If your diet alone is not supplying enough iodine, you may want to consider adding an iodine supplement. Control of iodine deficiency disorders idd monitor quality of iodized salt in the market border and inland monitoring using titration to assess the adequacy of iodized salt and rapid test kits to assess the presence of iodine. Thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies for the degree of master of science. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp i odine deficiency disorders is a term given to a group of diseases caused due to nutritional iodine deficiency.
Special emphasis will be put on recent developments such as the role of iodine deficiency in the development of brain. Even mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy, which may be present in some women in the. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring. Guidelines respond to the alarming prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders in this part of the world, despite the availability of inexpensive, simple, and effective.
Pdf iodine deficiency disorders idds constitute a significant public health problem globally. National iodine deficiency disorders control program. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme. Jun 14, 2017 iodine deficiency is best corrected by a healthy diet. Special emphasis will be put on recent developments such as the role of iodine deficiency in the development of brain damage and mental retardation, assessment of the iodine status of a population and current worldwide epidemiological data, strategies for control and monitoring of the iodine deficiency.
Deficiency of iodine in the diet may result in the development. Population effects of severe iodine deficiency, termed iodine deficiency. Total ban for selling non iodised salt for edible purposes is in force from 1. Presents technical and practical guidelines that can help countries in the eastern mediterranean region develop national programmes for the control of iodine deficiency disorders. Iodine deficiency disorders idd control in india ncbi nih. Chennai sources stated that iodine deficiency disorders idd is a major public health problem in the. It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as cretinism due to. To promote consumption of iodised salt through various activities. National iodine deficiency disorders control progr national. Elimination of iodine deficiency disorders hanoi, 24 august 2006 viet nam has achieved the international goal on elimination of iodine deficiency by 2005 the ministry of health announced today. Idd control programme in india is a public health success story, with 92 per cent of the population consuming iodized salt.
Today, the number of households estimated to be consuming iodized salt has jumped dramatically from 20 percent in 1990 to more than 70 percent. Jan 04, 2017 national iodine deficiency disorders control program 100% centrally sponsored programme, launched in 1992. The iodine deficiency disorders endotext ncbi bookshelf. Research over the past 1015 years has established the impact of iodine deficiency on brain function in the fetus, the newborn baby, and the child, and these effects may well constitute a barrier to the social development of millions living in iodine deficient communities.
National iodine deficiency disorders control programme status. India, iodine deficiency disorders, iodized salt, national iodine deficiency disorders control programme, sustainable elimination introduction food and nutrition security at the individual and. Even mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy, which may be present in some women in the united states, may be associated with low intelligence in children. I deficiency is the leading cause of preventable mental retardation. Surveys to assess the magnitude of the iodine deficiency disorders. May 26, 20 the government is implementing national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp formerly known as the national goiter control programme ngcp since 1962. Pdf experiences in the prevention, control and elimination of.
Iodine deficiency disorders are a worldwide major public health problem. The national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp is implemented in order to prevent, control and eliminate these disorders and to provide assistance to the states for setting up. Idd control programme in india has been a public health success story. The disorders caused due to deficiency of nutritional iodine in the fooddiet are called iodine deficiency disorders idds. Iodine deficiency is best corrected by a healthy diet. Policy on the recommendations of central council of health in 1984, the government took policy decision with the goal of universal iodization of salt by 1992 and starting of salt department in the ministry of. Today, idd is a public health problem in countries and affects % of worlds population. About national iodine deficiency disorders control program part b.
Current status of iodine deficiency disorders idd and. The programme is monitored by the deputy director health services situated in the directorate of health services, mumbai. Oct 14, 2017 iodine treatmentrelated hyperthyroidism. Research over the past 1015 years has established the impact of iodine deficiency on brain function in the fetus, the newborn baby. National iodine deficiency disorder control programme gktoday. India, iodine deficiency disorders, iodized salt, national iodine deficiency disorders control programme, sustainable elimination introduction food and nutrition security at the individual and population levels is a fundamental right. Evolution of iodine deficiency disorders control program in. Control of iodine deficiency disorder iodine deficiency. To assess the impact of goitre control measures over a period of time. People with iodine deficiency have goiters because they do not make enough thyroid hormone. Measurements of the iodine content of locally available water, while technically satisfactory, are at best a poor indicator of the level of iodine deficiency in the community because sources vary in less. This may occur, especially in patients older than 45 years, because of the hyperfunctioning areas of autonomy that tend to develop in patients with longstanding iodine deficient goiters. Iodine deficiency disorder control program the survey 201516. Jun 20, 2016 to target achieving usi in india, the national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp was launched in 1992, reflecting the governments commitment to eliminating the whole.
The primary complication of iodine therapy for idd is the development of hyperthyroidism. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp. Who guidelines for a national programme for the control. Severe iodine deficiency results in impaired thyroid hormone synthesis andor thyroid enlargement goiter. Iodine deficiency disorders idds include goitre, cretinism, hypothyroidism. The adverse consequences of iodine deficiency lead to a wide spectrum of problems ranging from abortion and still birth to mental and physical retardation and deafness, which collectively known as iodine deficiency disorders idds. Reduce the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders below 10 percent in the entire country by 2012 a. Iodine deficiency disorder control programme, 1986 objective. The health effects of iodine deficiency extend far beyond those of goitre. In 1992, the national goiter control programme ngcp was renamed as national iodine deficiency disorder control programmeniddcp. In august 1992, the national goitre control programme ngcp was renamed as national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp with a view to emphasise wide spectrum disorders. Any conditioneg, cretinism and brain damage, goiter, or hypothyroidism, attributable to iodine deficiency and corrected by adequate dietary iodine. The important objectives and components of national iodine deficiency disorders control iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp are as follows.
Iodine is an essential micronutrient required for normal thyroid function, growth, and development. Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet. National iodine deficiency disease control programme. Norway and sweden have made these three countries goitre free in spite of. The term iodine deficiency disorders refers to all of the consequences of iodine deficiency, which depend on its severity and the age of the affected subject. Iodine deficiency disorders refer to a spectrum of health consequences resulting from inadequate intake of iodine. National iodine deficiency disorders control progr. The programme also trains salt producers on effective ways of iodising salt. In august 1992, the national goitre control programme ngcp was renamed as national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp with a view to emphasise wide spectrum disorders caused due to iodine deficiency. Iodine deficiency disorders idd constitute the single largest cause of preventable brain damage worldwide. Global iodine deficiency disorders idd prevention day or world iodine deficiency day is observed every year on 21st october.
In india, no state is free from iodine deficiency and 200 million people are at risk of idd. The adverse consequences of iodine deficiency lead to a wide spectrum. Control of iodine deficiency disorders idd monitor quality of iodized salt in the market border and inland monitoring using titration to assess the adequacy of iodized salt and rapid test kits to assess. Iodine is an essential micronutrient required daily at 100150 micrograms for normal human growth and development. Up to 20% of the worlds population live in iodine deficient areas, the majority of these in countries where iodine distribution has not yet.
Iodine deficiency disorder idd has been identified all over the world with rd of the world population exposed to the risk of idd. Iodine deficiency disorder idd control programme in india. To identify the problem districts through goitre surveys. This chapter provides a global overview of the disorders caused by iodine deficiency. The programme focusses on the promotion of iodised salt consumption to eliminate idds which are prevalent in ghana. It is required at 100150 micrograms daily for normal human growth and development. Policy on the recommendations of central council of health in. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme dghs,maintenance of information data bank and communication system to deal with emergencies. We are within the grasping reach of the target of 90 per cent household level coverage of adequately iodized salt of usi. Its daily per capita requirement is 150 micrograms.
National iodine deficiency disorders control programme launch of national goitre control programme, 1962 objectives. Economic evaluation of iodine deficiency disorders control programme in sikkim, india. The national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp is implemented in order to prevent, control and eliminate these disorders and to provide assistance to the states for setting up idd cell and idd monitoring laboratories for ensuring quality control of iodated salt and for monitoring urinary iodine excretion. It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as cretinism due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems. Action iodine deficiency disorders control programme salt. Iodine is an essential micronutrient required for normal thyroid function, growth. Historical evolution of the iodine deficiency control programmes in india.
This may occur, especially in patients older than 45 years. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme is implemented from the year 1991. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp introduction. National iodine deficiency disorders program survey 201516 national health mission punjab. Thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies for the degree of master of science, mcmaster university, canada, nov. Iodine deficiency disorders idds are a worldwide major public health problem. Monitoring and estimation of iodine content of edible salt in urban areas of. Kohima village declared first noniodized salt free village.
Programme and midday meal scheme in madhya pradesh, india pdf. Pdf national iodine deficiency disorders control programme. National iodine deficiency disorders control program 100% centrally sponsored programme, launched in 1992. Iodine deficiency disorders idd reflects the broad manifestations of iodine deficiency including the implications on reproductive functions and lowering of iq levels in school aged children. Iodine deficiency is the most common preventable cause of intellectual disabilities in the world. Deficiency of iodine in the diet may result in the development of goiter and other iodine deficiency disorders idd including physical and mental retardation and endemic cretinism. Up to 20% of the worlds population live in iodine deficient areas, the majority of these in countries where iodine distribution has not yet been undertaken. International council for control of iodine deficiency disorders the international council for control of iodine deficiency disorders icciddis a nonprofit, nongovernmental. The government is implementing national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp formerly known as the national goiter control programme ngcp since 1962. Iodine deficiency disorders idd control in india article pdf available in the indian journal of medical research 83. Meeting of the international council for control of iodine deficiency disorders.
General english only international council for control of iodine deficiency disorders id united nations childrens fund d this document is intended primarily for managers of national programmes. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme introduction. Major united nations milestones for elimination of iodine deficiency. Some of the adverse effects due to iodine deficiency are listed in table 1. When severe iodine deficiency occurs during pregnancy, it is associated with fetal hypothyroidism, mental impairment, and increased neonatal and infant mortality. The result of resurvey in some areas has revealed that the prevalence of goiter has not been controlled as desired. Therefore, in 1962, government of india launched national goiter control program and in 1992, it is renamed as national iodine deficiency disorders control program. Pdf iodine deficiency disorders idd control in india. The term iodine deficiency disorders idd refers to all the illeffects of iodine deficiency in a population that can be prevented by ensuring that the population has an adequate intake of iodine. The prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders unscn. This is done through enforcement of the public health amendment law 2012 act. Sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency unicef. Jun 14, 2017 iodine deficiency disorders refer to a spectrum of health consequences resulting from inadequate intake of iodine. Iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination a guide for programme managers second edition whonhd01.
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